Association Between Patient Lifting Systems and Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Nurses in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: This cross-sectional study investigated the association between the use of patient lifting systems and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among nurses in Saudi Arabia. It also examined the influence of lifting frequency, ergonomic knowledge, and sociodemographic factors. Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to 51 nurses between January and June 2023. The survey collected data on sociodemographic, patient lifting system usage frequency, and MSDs using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Chi-square tests assessed associations, and logistic regression identified significant MSD risk factors. Results: Among the 51 nurses (mean age = 35.64 years), 35.3% used lifting systems sometimes, 37.3% rarely, and 15.7% never. A total of 25.5% reported insufficient ergonomic training. Frequent use of hoists was significantly associated with lower MSD prevalence (p < 0.001). Logistic regression showed that younger age (OR = 1.628, p = 0.020) and female gender were predictors of higher MSD risk. Lower back pain was the most reported issue (63%), but its severity was lower among nurses who regularly used lifting devices. Conclusion: Frequent use of patient lifting systems was associated with a lower prevalence and severity of MSDs, particularly lower back pain. However, inconsistent use and inadequate ergonomic training may limit their protective benefits. Healthcare facilities should prioritize training and encourage routine use of lifting systems to mitigate MSD risk among nursing staff.